diff --git a/ALIGNMENT.md b/ALIGNMENT.md
index 2672e8e..08da0a3 100644
--- a/ALIGNMENT.md
+++ b/ALIGNMENT.md
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ Pick A. Update perf.hpp + every `nisps/` use site.
 
 ### Q1: Per-mode MLP architectures or one shared shape? (2026-04-29)
 
-Schemas currently declare per-mode `hidden_layers` (some `[10, 10, 14]`, some `[10, 14, 18]`). Browser is fixed at one shape; firmware compiles per-mode. This works for now. Is the mission served by maintaining per-mode shapes (research diversity) or by collapsing to one (simpler ops)?
+Schemas declare per-mode `input_size`/`hidden_layers`/`output_size` (some hidden `[10, 10, 14]`, some `[10, 14, 18]`; inputs 4 or 10; outputs 24–56). As of P5.3 BOTH targets honour them: firmware compiles per-mode, and the browser now reshapes the runtime-shaped WASM net to the active mode's `ml` config on mode switch (was fixed at one 32→126 shape). This works for now. Is the mission served by maintaining per-mode shapes (research diversity) or by collapsing to one (simpler ops)?
 
 ### Q2: How to express "advanced" features (gradient flow, weight health) without cluttering modes? (2026-04-29)
 
diff --git a/MAP.md b/MAP.md
index 4f602ea..a2b9584 100644
--- a/MAP.md
+++ b/MAP.md
@@ -48,7 +48,12 @@ anchor + locked decisions) and the `docs/specs/*-spec.md` set.
   with snap/magnetism/minimap-demotion), `SplitStage`/`OutputStage`/`InputMini`/`Manifold` (canvas, rect↔circular
   + feedback markers), `Dock` (top Mode selector + 5 vertically-centred drawers), `Drawers` (Learning/Inputs/
   Outputs/Settings/Help), `VerdictCluster` (mode-aware), `ReadoutStrip`, `OutputEditor`/`CurvePad`, `icons.tsx`
-  (monochrome currentColor SVG), `model.ts`, `output-mode.ts`.
+  (monochrome currentColor SVG), `model.ts` (`MF_MODES` catalogue — schema-backed modes DERIVED from
+  `manifold/src/modes/generated/`; carries per-mode `ml` net shape + `engineId`), `output-mode.ts`.
+- `manifold/src/modes/generated/` — codegen output (`*_schema.ts`, do NOT hand-edit): `ModeSchema`
+  consts (mode_id, engine_id, ml dims, params, voice_spaces, ui) — the SOURCE OF TRUTH for `MF_MODES`.
+  Switching mode reshapes the WASM net to the mode's `ml` dims (ConsoleApp P5.3; boot mode paf_synth →
+  4→[10,10,14]→33).
 - `manifold/src/dock/` — `OutputControlRow` (off/fixed/live + mute + solo/arm + min/max/curve), `output-state.ts`,
   `OutputsBackendConfig.tsx` (per-backend specialised Outputs panel), `BackendAdvanced.tsx`.
 - `manifold/src/backends/` — `OutputBackend` adapter + `BackendManager` (spine consumer); `midi-backend.ts`
@@ -95,7 +100,7 @@ the "BUILD DELTAS" block at the top of `docs/specs/vcv-module.md`). `src/MEMLNau
 - `schemas/midi_devices/<device>.json` (×6) — CC-controllable external synths (Moog Sub 37 / Sub Phatty, Creamware Pro-12 ASB, Elektron Analog Keys, ASM Hydrasynth, Roland JD-800). Each param: `{id, cc, label, min, max, default, group}`. Canonical source for both firmware + browser device pickers. Verified-CC provenance + sources live in `synth-midi-cc.json` (repo root).
 
 ### `codegen/` — schema → C++/TS code
-- `codegen/generate.ts` — Bun script: validates schemas via ajv (incl. the P5 firmware-fit check: exactly 3 hidden layers, dims ≤4096), emits per-mode `nisps/modes/generated/<mode>_schema.hpp` (`constexpr`, `nisps::modes::generated`) and `manifold/src/modes/generated/<mode>_schema.ts` (+ `types.ts`, `index.ts`). Idempotent; golden-tested in `run-all-tests.sh` stage 5.
+- `codegen/generate.ts` — Bun script: validates schemas via ajv (incl. the P5 firmware-fit check: exactly 3 hidden layers, dims ≤4096), emits per-mode C++ `nisps/modes/generated/<mode>_schema.hpp` (`constexpr`, `nisps::modes::generated`) AND TS `manifold/src/modes/generated/<mode>_schema.ts` (+ `types.ts`, `index.ts`). Idempotent; golden-tested in `run-all-tests.sh` stage 5. The TS output is the SOURCE OF TRUTH consumed by `MF_MODES` (`manifold/src/console/model.ts`).
 - `codegen/generate-midi-devices.ts` — separate Bun script (isolated from the mode golden test): validates `schemas/midi_devices/` via ajv, emits `nisps/midi/generated/midi_devices.hpp` (no-heap `constexpr`) and `manifold/src/midi-devices/generated/{types,devices,index}.ts`. Idempotent.
 - `codegen/seed-midi-devices.ts` — one-time/idempotent seed deriving `schemas/midi_devices/*.json` from the `synth-midi-cc.json` research artifact (slugifies labels → ids, heuristic groups).
 - `codegen/templates/`, `codegen/tests/golden/` — reference templates + golden snapshot for paf_synth.
@@ -136,7 +141,7 @@ the "BUILD DELTAS" block at the top of `docs/specs/vcv-module.md`). `src/MEMLNau
 - **Parity check**: `bash scripts/parity-check.sh`.
 - **All tests**: `bash scripts/run-all-tests.sh`.
 - **Playwright**: `cd manifold && node node_modules/.bin/playwright test` (non-snap node runner on the VPS — BUILD-PLAN gotcha; `bunx playwright test` works elsewhere).
-- **Codegen**: `cd codegen && bun run generate.ts` (regenerates `nisps/modes/generated/` and `manifold/src/modes/generated/`).
+- **Codegen**: `cd codegen && bun run generate.ts` (regenerates both `nisps/modes/generated/` C++ and `manifold/src/modes/generated/` TS).
 
 ## Conventions
 
diff --git a/manifold/ONBOARDING.md b/manifold/ONBOARDING.md
index 33afb81..dbad8b6 100644
--- a/manifold/ONBOARDING.md
+++ b/manifold/ONBOARDING.md
@@ -108,9 +108,15 @@ decision. Buffers are reused frame-to-frame; never assume a fresh array.
   when touching anything cross-cutting:
   - `types.ts`: `Focus`, `OutputMode`, `DrawerKey`, `DrawerDepth`, `FeedbackModeUI`, `SoloMode`,
     `Pin`, `FeedbackMarker`, `Snapshot`, and **`ConsoleCtx`** (the flat context handed to the dock).
-  - `model.ts`: the static instrument catalogue `MF_MODES`, `MFParam`, `ParamStatus`
+  - `model.ts`: the instrument catalogue `MF_MODES`, `MFParam`, `ParamStatus`
     (`off|fixed|live`), `ParamGroup`, plus `shapeValues()` (applies min/max/curve to raw engine
-    outputs) and `seededGradient()`.
+    outputs) and `seededGradient()`. **Schema-backed modes are DERIVED from the codegen
+    schemas in `src/modes/generated/`** (one-core-engine P5.2) — real param names/groups/count,
+    plus each mode's `ml` net shape (`MFMode.ml`) and schema `engine_id` (`MFMode.engineId`)
+    come from schema truth. A thin manifold OVERLAY (`SCHEMA_MODES` in model.ts) supplies only
+    label/glyph/ModeClass/input/ordering. Two schema-less manifold-only modes (`visualizer`,
+    `c15` placeholder) stay hand-written on `DEFAULT_MODE_ML`. Do NOT hand-edit
+    `src/modes/generated/` — it is codegen output (`bun run codegen/generate.ts`).
 
 ### The Dock (right-edge rail) — `src/console/Dock.tsx` + `Drawers.tsx`
 - 48px right rail: **TOP** = mode selector (the 5 output modes, popover); **MIDDLE** = 5 drawer
@@ -214,6 +220,17 @@ a setting → `--r-*` tokens.
   (`wasm-worker.ts`) carries the current dims in its train message and re-creates its mirror net to
   match. Debug: `window.__nisps.reshape(nIn)` / `.describe()`. See the `manifold-mixed-inputs` memory
   for the locked design (adaptive slider viz when >2 dims is still pending).
+- **Per-mode net dims (P5.3):** switching INSTRUMENT mode reshapes the net to that mode's schema
+  `ml` config (`MFMode.ml` — input/hidden/output + spread) via a `ConsoleApp` effect keyed on
+  `[engine, modeId]`. No confirm modal (switching instrument is deliberate); the axis-count
+  `ReshapeModal` above is for input-LAYOUT changes only. The effect depends on `engine`, so on boot
+  it fires once WASM is ready and lands the boot mode's dims (**paf_synth → 4→[10,10,14]→33**, weights
+  809 — NOT the 32→126 default). The reshape-offer effect reads the engine's CURRENT `inputSize`
+  live, so a mode switch that changes arity doesn't spuriously prompt (its baseline tracks axis
+  COUNT, unchanged by a pure dim change). Non-schema modes restore `DEFAULT_MODE_ML` (32→126).
+  Debug seam for tests: under `?debug=1` ConsoleApp installs `window.__mf`
+  (`setMode`/`getModeId`/`paramCount`/`modeIds`) — the UI-level analogue of `__nisps`, since no
+  in-UI instrument picker exists yet (`ctx.modes`/`setModeId` are plumbed but unrendered).
 
 ### Feedback — `src/feedback/`
 - `controller.ts` — `FeedbackController`, framework-neutral, owned by ConsoleApp. **As of one-core-
diff --git a/manifold/src/console/ConsoleApp.tsx b/manifold/src/console/ConsoleApp.tsx
index 66617c0..0290814 100644
--- a/manifold/src/console/ConsoleApp.tsx
+++ b/manifold/src/console/ConsoleApp.tsx
@@ -58,6 +58,25 @@ import { useSettings, resolveInputMap } from '../settings/settings-store';
 import { useBackendManager } from '../backends';
 import { useInputLayer } from '../inputs';
 
+/**
+ * Instrument-mode debug seam, installed on `window.__mf` under `?debug=1`
+ * (see the effect in ConsoleApp). UI-level analogue of the engine
+ * `window.__nisps` probe — lets Playwright drive mode switches and read the
+ * rendered param count, since no in-UI mode picker exists yet.
+ */
+export interface MfDebugHook {
+  setMode: (id: string) => void;
+  getModeId: () => string;
+  paramCount: () => number;
+  modeIds: () => string[];
+}
+
+declare global {
+  interface Window {
+    __mf?: MfDebugHook;
+  }
+}
+
 let SNAP_ID = 0;
 
 /** Small pill-button style for the exploring-scratchpad banner controls. */
@@ -250,6 +269,20 @@ export function ConsoleApp({ focus: initialFocus = 'composite' }: ConsoleAppProp
     if (engine) engine.audio.setBackend(modeEngineId(modeId) as Parameters<typeof engine.audio.setBackend>[0]);
   }, [engine, modeId]);
 
+  // Per-mode net dims (one-core-engine P5.3). On mode switch — and once WASM is
+  // ready on boot (this effect depends on `engine`, so it fires when the engine
+  // transitions null→ready with the boot mode) — reshape the runtime-shaped MLP
+  // to the active mode's schema `ml` config (warm-started; the C-side dataset +
+  // feedback reset, which the transient reset below also clears). NO confirm
+  // modal: switching instrument is already a deliberate act. The P2.3 axis-count
+  // modal stays for input-LAYOUT changes only (see the reshape-offer effect).
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!engine) return;
+    const { inputSize, outputSize, hidden, defaultSpread } = mode.ml;
+    engine.reshape({ inputSize, outputSize, hidden }, defaultSpread);
+    // eslint-disable-next-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps
+  }, [engine, modeId]);
+
   // reset transient state on mode switch
   useEffect(() => {
     setParams(mode.params.map((p) => ({ ...p })));
@@ -319,6 +352,27 @@ export function ConsoleApp({ focus: initialFocus = 'composite' }: ConsoleAppProp
     if (engine && n != null) engine.reshape({ inputSize: n });
   };
 
+  // ---- Debug seam for instrument-mode switching (`?debug=1`) ------------------
+  // There is no instrument-mode picker in the UI yet (ctx.modes/setModeId are
+  // plumbed but unrendered), so Playwright drives mode switches through this
+  // window hook — the UI-level analogue of the engine `window.__nisps` probe.
+  // Exposes the current modeId, the rendered param count, and the mode ids so
+  // the schema-modes e2e can switch a mode and assert the derived shape.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (typeof window === 'undefined') return;
+    const q = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search);
+    if (q.get('debug') !== '1') return;
+    window.__mf = {
+      setMode: (id: string) => setModeId(id),
+      getModeId: () => modeId,
+      paramCount: () => params.length,
+      modeIds: () => MF_MODES.map((m) => m.id),
+    };
+    return () => {
+      if (window.__mf) delete window.__mf;
+    };
+  }, [modeId, params]);
+
   // Drive a pad/joystick/manifold move through the input layer's XY-pad source,
   // then mirror the raw position into React state for readouts. The layer's loop
   // composes it with any other active sources and writes to the engine; we still
diff --git a/manifold/src/console/model.ts b/manifold/src/console/model.ts
index f17196a..1298214 100644
--- a/manifold/src/console/model.ts
+++ b/manifold/src/console/model.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,15 @@
 /**
- * Console — shared instrument model: the static modes catalogue + per-param
- * shaping helpers. Ported from the window-global `model.jsx`.
+ * Console — shared instrument model: the modes catalogue + per-param shaping
+ * helpers.
+ *
+ * SOURCE OF TRUTH (one-core-engine P5.2): the schema-backed modes are DERIVED
+ * from the codegen-produced schemas in `src/modes/generated/` — real param
+ * names, groups, count, and each mode's `ml` config + `engine_id` come from
+ * schema truth, never hand-written. A thin manifold-side OVERLAY supplies only
+ * the display concerns a schema has no opinion on: label, glyph, ModeClass,
+ * input kind, and ordering. Two manifold-only modes with no schema
+ * (`visualizer`, `c15` placeholder) stay hand-written and use the default net
+ * shape.
  *
  * KEY CHANGE vs the JSX reference: the pseudo-inference `MF_infer` (sin/cos
  * placeholder) and the `useInstrument` hook are GONE. The `values` every
@@ -13,11 +22,51 @@
  * internal mode id).
  */
 
+import type { ModeSchema } from '../modes/generated/types';
+import {
+  BreakorSchema,
+  ChannelStripSchema,
+  ElysiamorfSchema,
+  MemlceliumSchema,
+  PafSynthSchema,
+  SlpWorkshopSchema,
+  SoundAnalysisMidiSchema,
+  VerbFxSchema,
+  XiasriSchema,
+} from '../modes/generated';
+
 export type ParamStatus = 'off' | 'fixed' | 'live';
-export type ParamGroup = 'formant' | 'pitch' | 'amp' | 'filter' | 'fx' | 'mod';
+/**
+ * Param GROUP. Historically a small hand-picked union; now the group is the raw
+ * schema string (`'operators'`, `'envelope'`, `'kick'`, …) so the type is just
+ * `string`. Unknown groups fall back to the accent colour in the GROUP_COLOR
+ * maps that key off this field.
+ */
+export type ParamGroup = string;
 export type ModeClass = 'Synth' | 'Sequencer' | 'Controller' | 'Visual';
 export type ModeInput = 'xy' | 'joystick' | 'audio_in';
 
+/**
+ * A mode's net shape — the engine dims the runtime-shaped WASM MLP is reshaped
+ * to when this mode is active (one-core-engine P5.3). Schema-backed modes carry
+ * their schema's `ml`; the manifold-only modes carry the default net shape.
+ */
+export interface ModeML {
+  inputSize: number;
+  outputSize: number;
+  hidden: [number, number, number];
+  /** Spread used when (re)drawing the net's weights on reshape. */
+  defaultSpread: number;
+}
+
+/** The compiled default over-provisioned net (32→[10,14,18]→126). */
+export const DEFAULT_MODE_ML: ModeML = {
+  inputSize: 32,
+  outputSize: 126,
+  hidden: [10, 14, 18],
+  defaultSpread: 0.6,
+};
+
 /**
  * Per-output control row — the unified store used by both the stage
  * (OutputStage / ReadoutStrip) and the Outputs/Routing dock. `status` is the
@@ -35,6 +84,17 @@ export interface MFParam {
   min: number;
   max: number;
   curve: number;
+  /**
+   * Schema ENGINE-unit metadata (display/tooltips only — NOT the routing range).
+   * `min`/`max`/`curve`/`val` above stay the 0..1 routing-knob semantics; these
+   * carry the schema's real engine range, default, human label, and curve name
+   * for the disliked param so the UI can show what an output actually drives.
+   */
+  schemaMin?: number;
+  schemaMax?: number;
+  schemaDefault?: number;
+  schemaLabel?: string;
+  schemaCurve?: string;
   /** Downstream silence — still computed + visible (distinct from `off`). */
   muted?: boolean;
   /** Solo / arm — focus training on this output (dock-spec §1.2). */
@@ -56,6 +116,18 @@ export interface MFMode {
   glyph: string;
   input: ModeInput;
   params: MFParam[];
+  /**
+   * The net shape this mode drives (one-core-engine P5.3). Reshaped into the
+   * engine on mode switch. Schema-backed modes carry their schema's `ml`; the
+   * manifold-only modes carry {@link DEFAULT_MODE_ML}.
+   */
+  ml: ModeML;
+  /**
+   * The schema's `engine_id` (audio-engine metadata). NOTE: audio backend
+   * SELECTION still routes through {@link modeEngineId}, which is unchanged —
+   * this field is the schema-truth annotation, not the routing decision.
+   */
+  engineId: string;
   placeholder?: boolean;
   badge?: string;
 }
@@ -72,103 +144,110 @@ function mkParams(spec: Spec): MFParam[] {
   return out;
 }
 
-export const MF_MODES: MFMode[] = [
+/** Derive a mode's net shape from its schema `ml` config. */
+function mlFromSchema(schema: ModeSchema): ModeML {
+  const h = schema.ml.hidden_layers;
+  return {
+    inputSize: schema.ml.input_size,
+    outputSize: schema.ml.output_size,
+    hidden: [h[0] ?? 10, h[1] ?? 14, h[2] ?? 18],
+    defaultSpread: schema.ml.default_spread,
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Build the manifold param rows from a schema's params. The param NAME + GROUP
+ * are schema truth; the routing knobs (status/val/min/max/curve) keep their
+ * manifold defaults (0..1 routing range) — schema min/max/default/label/curve
+ * are surfaced as ENGINE-unit metadata for display only.
+ */
+function paramsFromSchema(schema: ModeSchema): MFParam[] {
+  return schema.params.map((p) => ({
+    name: p.name,
+    group: p.group,
+    status: 'live' as ParamStatus,
+    val: 0.5,
+    min: 0,
+    max: 1,
+    curve: 0.5,
+    schemaMin: p.min,
+    schemaMax: p.max,
+    schemaDefault: p.default,
+    schemaLabel: p.label,
+    schemaCurve: p.curve,
+  }));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Manifold-side display OVERLAY for a schema-backed mode — the only fields a
+ * schema has no opinion on. Everything else (params, ml, engineId) is derived.
+ */
+interface ModeOverlay {
+  label: string;
+  glyph: string;
+  cls: ModeClass;
+  input: ModeInput;
+  badge?: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ORDERED list of schema-backed modes: `{ schema, overlay }`. Order here is the
+ * catalogue order. `xiasri` + `slp_workshop` are new browser-viable entries
+ * (they have schemas but weren't in the hand-written catalogue). The overlay is
+ * hand-picked display; the params/ml/engine_id come from the schema.
+ */
+const SCHEMA_MODES: ReadonlyArray<{ schema: ModeSchema; overlay: ModeOverlay }> = [
+  { schema: PafSynthSchema, overlay: { label: 'PAF Synth', glyph: '∿', cls: 'Synth', input: 'xy' } },
   {
-    id: 'paf_synth',
-    label: 'PAF Synth',
-    cls: 'Synth',
-    glyph: '∿',
-    input: 'xy',
-    params: mkParams([
-      ['formant', ['F1', 'F2', 'F3', 'tilt', 'spread', 'skirt']],
-      ['pitch', ['root', 'glide', 'detune']],
-      ['amp', ['gain', 'attack', 'decay']],
-      ['filter', ['cutoff', 'res', 'env']],
-      ['fx', ['drive', 'air', 'width']],
-    ]),
+    schema: ChannelStripSchema,
+    overlay: { label: 'Channel Strip', glyph: '▤', cls: 'Synth', input: 'joystick' },
+  },
+  { schema: VerbFxSchema, overlay: { label: 'Verb FX', glyph: '◞', cls: 'Synth', input: 'joystick' } },
+  { schema: ElysiamorfSchema, overlay: { label: 'Elysiamorf', glyph: '❋', cls: 'Synth', input: 'xy' } },
+  {
+    schema: MemlceliumSchema,
+    overlay: { label: 'MEML Celium', glyph: '☷', cls: 'Sequencer', input: 'xy' },
+  },
+  { schema: BreakorSchema, overlay: { label: 'Breakor', glyph: '⊟', cls: 'Sequencer', input: 'joystick' } },
+  { schema: XiasriSchema, overlay: { label: 'Xiasri', glyph: '✴', cls: 'Synth', input: 'joystick' } },
+  {
+    schema: SlpWorkshopSchema,
+    overlay: { label: 'SLP Workshop', glyph: '☷', cls: 'Sequencer', input: 'xy' },
   },
   {
-    id: 'channel_strip',
-    label: 'Channel Strip',
-    cls: 'Synth',
-    glyph: '▤',
-    input: 'joystick',
-    params: mkParams([
-      ['filter', ['lo', 'loMid', 'hiMid', 'hi']],
-      ['amp', ['comp', 'gate', 'makeup']],
-      ['fx', ['sat', 'width', 'glue', 'tilt', 'air']],
-    ]),
-  },
-  {
-    id: 'verb_fx',
-    label: 'Verb FX',
-    cls: 'Synth',
-    glyph: '◞',
-    input: 'joystick',
-    params: mkParams([
-      ['fx', ['size', 'decay', 'damp', 'diff']],
-      ['mod', ['rate', 'depth']],
-      ['filter', ['lo', 'hi']],
-    ]),
-  },
-  {
-    id: 'elysiamorf',
-    label: 'Elysiamorf',
-    cls: 'Synth',
-    glyph: '❋',
-    input: 'xy',
-    params: mkParams([
-      ['formant', ['grain', 'size', 'pos', 'spray']],
-      ['mod', ['rate', 'depth', 'jitter']],
-      ['amp', ['gain', 'env']],
-      ['filter', ['cutoff', 'res']],
-      ['fx', ['blur', 'shimmer', 'freeze', 'width']],
-    ]),
-  },
-  {
-    id: 'memlcelium',
-    label: 'MEML Celium',
-    cls: 'Sequencer',
-    glyph: '☷',
-    input: 'xy',
-    params: mkParams([
-      ['mod', ['cvA', 'cvB', 'gate', 'div']],
-      ['pitch', ['root', 'scale', 'oct']],
-      ['amp', ['vca', 'slew']],
-    ]),
-  },
-  {
-    id: 'breakor',
-    label: 'Breakor',
-    cls: 'Sequencer',
-    glyph: '⊟',
-    input: 'joystick',
-    params: mkParams([
-      ['mod', ['density', 'swing', 'fill', 'stutter']],
-      ['amp', ['punch', 'decay']],
-      ['filter', ['tone', 'crush']],
-      ['fx', ['glitch', 'rev']],
-    ]),
-  },
-  {
-    id: 'sound_analysis_midi',
-    label: 'Sound Analysis → MIDI',
-    cls: 'Controller',
-    glyph: '⇉',
-    input: 'audio_in',
-    badge: '1-input',
-    params: mkParams([
-      ['mod', ['cc1', 'cc2', 'cc3', 'cc4']],
-      ['pitch', ['note', 'bend']],
-      ['amp', ['vel', 'press']],
-    ]),
+    schema: SoundAnalysisMidiSchema,
+    overlay: { label: 'Sound Analysis → MIDI', glyph: '⇉', cls: 'Controller', input: 'audio_in' },
   },
+];
+
+function modeFromSchema(schema: ModeSchema, overlay: ModeOverlay): MFMode {
+  return {
+    id: schema.mode_id,
+    label: overlay.label,
+    cls: overlay.cls,
+    glyph: overlay.glyph,
+    input: overlay.input,
+    badge: overlay.badge,
+    params: paramsFromSchema(schema),
+    ml: mlFromSchema(schema),
+    engineId: schema.engine_id,
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Manifold-only modes with NO schema — hand-written params on the DEFAULT net
+ * shape. `visualizer` is a pure browser visual; `c15` is the "Powerful Synth
+ * Engine" placeholder (id stays `c15`; the string "C15" must never surface).
+ */
+const MANIFOLD_ONLY_MODES: MFMode[] = [
   {
     id: 'visualizer',
     label: 'Visualizer',
     cls: 'Visual',
     glyph: '◑',
     input: 'xy',
+    ml: DEFAULT_MODE_ML,
+    engineId: 'thru',
     params: mkParams([
       ['mod', ['hue', 'sat', 'flow', 'warp']],
       ['amp', ['bloom', 'fade']],
@@ -184,10 +263,17 @@ export const MF_MODES: MFMode[] = [
     input: 'xy',
     placeholder: true,
     badge: 'soon',
+    ml: DEFAULT_MODE_ML,
+    engineId: 'thru',
     params: mkParams([['amp', ['a', 'b']]]),
   },
 ];
 
+export const MF_MODES: MFMode[] = [
+  ...SCHEMA_MODES.map(({ schema, overlay }) => modeFromSchema(schema, overlay)),
+  ...MANIFOLD_ONLY_MODES,
+];
+
 /** Mirrors the engine's `applyCurve` (≈0.43 ≈ linear). */
 export function applyCurve(v: number, c: number): number {
   const e = 0.25 + c * 1.75;
@@ -201,7 +287,10 @@ export function applyCurve(v: number, c: number): number {
  *   fixed → p.val (held static)
  *   live  → engine output[i], shaped by min/max/curve
  *
- * The engine output is 126-dim; a mode with N params uses the first N.
+ * The engine output vector is now per-mode-sized (the net is reshaped to the
+ * mode's schema `ml.output_size` on switch), so a mode with N params maps 1:1
+ * onto its own N outputs; the `i < engineOut.length` guard keeps it safe during
+ * the async reshape window.
  */
 export function shapeValues(params: MFParam[], engineOut: Float32Array | null): number[] {
   return params.map((p, i) => {
@@ -229,9 +318,10 @@ export function seededGradient(rev: number): {
   return { norms, status };
 }
 
-/** Map a mode's `input` kind → the engine backend id to drive audio. */
+/** Map a mode id → the audio-engine backend id. Mode ids align with engine ids
+ *  except `slp_workshop` (runs the memlcelium engine), the analysis controller,
+ *  and the relabelled `c15`. */
 export function modeEngineId(modeId: string): string {
-  // Mode ids align with engine ids except the relabelled `c15`.
   switch (modeId) {
     case 'paf_synth':
     case 'channel_strip':
@@ -239,7 +329,10 @@ export function modeEngineId(modeId: string): string {
     case 'elysiamorf':
     case 'memlcelium':
     case 'breakor':
+    case 'xiasri':
       return modeId;
+    case 'slp_workshop':
+      return 'memlcelium';
     case 'sound_analysis_midi':
       return 'analysis';
     default:
diff --git a/manifold/tests/e2e/geo-dislike.spec.ts b/manifold/tests/e2e/geo-dislike.spec.ts
index 07835fa..f96da48 100644
--- a/manifold/tests/e2e/geo-dislike.spec.ts
+++ b/manifold/tests/e2e/geo-dislike.spec.ts
@@ -10,9 +10,10 @@
  */
 import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test';
 import { loadProbe, settleInputs, countChanged, allWithin } from './helpers';
+import { PafSynthSchema } from '../../src/modes/generated';
 
-// Fixed by the WASM build (`nisps/wasm/bindings.cpp`: MLP<32,10,14,18,126>).
-const N_OUTPUTS = 126;
+// The boot mode is paf_synth; the heard vector must match its output arity.
+const N_OUTPUTS = PafSynthSchema.ml.output_size; // 33
 // A heard vector deliberately distinct from any plausible net output.
 const HEARD = new Array(N_OUTPUTS).fill(0.9);
 
diff --git a/manifold/tests/e2e/helpers.ts b/manifold/tests/e2e/helpers.ts
index 1227415..42e3d8f 100644
--- a/manifold/tests/e2e/helpers.ts
+++ b/manifold/tests/e2e/helpers.ts
@@ -98,4 +98,21 @@ export function allWithin(xs: number[], lo = 0, hi = 1, tol = 1e-6): boolean {
   return true;
 }
 
+/**
+ * The MLP weight count implied by an ml config — sum over consecutive layers of
+ * `(prev + 1) * next` (the +1 is the per-layer bias), matching nisps'
+ * `weight_count()`. Layers = `[input_size, ...hidden_layers, output_size]`.
+ * E.g. the default 32→[10,14,18]→126 head = 3148; paf_synth 4→[10,10,14]→33 = 809.
+ */
+export function weightCountFromMl(ml: {
+  readonly input_size: number;
+  readonly hidden_layers: readonly number[];
+  readonly output_size: number;
+}): number {
+  const layers = [ml.input_size, ...ml.hidden_layers, ml.output_size];
+  let total = 0;
+  for (let i = 0; i < layers.length - 1; i++) total += (layers[i]! + 1) * layers[i + 1]!;
+  return total;
+}
+
 export type Probe = DebugProbe;
diff --git a/manifold/tests/e2e/probe-api.spec.ts b/manifold/tests/e2e/probe-api.spec.ts
index e050030..fc00b8a 100644
--- a/manifold/tests/e2e/probe-api.spec.ts
+++ b/manifold/tests/e2e/probe-api.spec.ts
@@ -6,8 +6,9 @@
  * every probe accessor must return the documented shape and never throw.
  *
  * Adaptations vs. the playground original:
- *   - Manifold's WASM net is `MLP<32,10,14,18,126>` (playground was `<2,...>`),
- *     so `getWeights()` has 3148 elements, not 2848 (derivation below).
+ *   - Manifold's net is runtime-shaped and (since P5.3) boots at the BOOT MODE's
+ *     schema `ml` config, so dims + weight count are derived from the imported
+ *     schema, never hard-coded.
  *   - No `probe.__init()` / no `mlStore.iml` poke-through: Manifold's probe
  *     exposes `addExample()` and `routedOutputs()` directly, so the training
  *     tests drive the real public surface instead of an escape hatch.
@@ -16,15 +17,13 @@
  *     genuine failure, not a pending-stream skip.
  */
 import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test';
-import { loadProbe, getOutputs, countChanged, allWithin } from './helpers';
+import { loadProbe, getOutputs, countChanged, allWithin, weightCountFromMl } from './helpers';
+import { PafSynthSchema } from '../../src/modes/generated';
 
-// Fixed by the WASM build (`nisps/wasm/bindings.cpp`: MLP<32,10,14,18,126>).
-const N_OUTPUTS = 126;
-// weight_count = 32*10 + 10*14 + 14*18 + 18*126  (weights)
-//              + 10 + 14 + 18 + 126              (biases)
-//              = 320 + 140 + 252 + 2268 + 168 = 3148
-const WEIGHT_COUNT = 3148;
-// DefaultMLP::kNumLayers (4) * 4 stats per layer.
+// The boot mode is paf_synth; all dims derive from its schema `ml` config.
+const N_OUTPUTS = PafSynthSchema.ml.output_size; // 33
+const WEIGHT_COUNT = weightCountFromMl(PafSynthSchema.ml); // 4→[10,10,14]→33 = 809
+// 4 layers (3 hidden + output) * 4 stats per layer.
 const LAYER_STATS = 16;
 
 const EXAMPLE_LOW = { input: [0.1, 0.9], output: new Array(N_OUTPUTS).fill(0.1) };
diff --git a/manifold/tests/e2e/reshape.spec.ts b/manifold/tests/e2e/reshape.spec.ts
index b9bddb9..3cd0f61 100644
--- a/manifold/tests/e2e/reshape.spec.ts
+++ b/manifold/tests/e2e/reshape.spec.ts
@@ -1,76 +1,84 @@
 /**
- * Runtime-shaped net reshape (one-core-engine P2.3).
+ * Runtime-shaped net reshape (one-core-engine P2.3 + P5.3).
  *
- * The WASM MLP is runtime-shaped: it boots at the default over-provisioned
- * 32→[10,14,18]→126 head, and `engine.reshape({ inputSize })` swaps in a new net
- * at the requested arity, warm-started from the overlapping weights. This spec
- * drives the reshape through the debug probe (`__nisps.reshape`) and asserts:
+ * The WASM MLP is runtime-shaped. Since P5.3 the app reshapes the net to the
+ * BOOT MODE's schema `ml` config once WASM is ready, so the debug harness boots
+ * at the boot mode's dims (NOT the over-provisioned 32→126 default). This spec
+ * asserts FROM the imported schema — never hard-coded dim numbers — that:
  *
- *   1. default dims are 32 inputs / 126 outputs (unchanged by P2.3);
- *   2. reshape to 4 inputs succeeds and `describe()` reports 4/126;
- *   3. post-ML outputs stay bounded in [0,1] after the reshape;
- *   4. getWeights length shrinks by (32-4)*10 = 280 → 2868 (biases unchanged);
- *   5. the spine still propagates — distinct inputs → distinct bounded outputs.
+ *   1. the net boots at the boot mode's schema dims + weight count;
+ *   2. `engine.reshape(n)` to a DIFFERENT arity succeeds and `describe()` reports
+ *      the new input size while keeping the schema output size;
+ *   3. getWeights length tracks the new arity;
+ *   4. post-ML outputs stay bounded in [0,1] and the spine still propagates.
  */
 import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test';
-import { loadProbe, getOutputs, settleInputs, countChanged, allWithin } from './helpers';
+import { loadProbe, getOutputs, settleInputs, countChanged, allWithin, weightCountFromMl } from './helpers';
+import { PafSynthSchema } from '../../src/modes/generated';
 
-// Default: 32*10 + 10*14 + 14*18 + 18*126 weights + (10+14+18+126) biases = 3148.
-const DEFAULT_WEIGHT_COUNT = 3148;
-// Reshaping to 4 inputs only shrinks the first layer: 3148 - (32-4)*10 = 2868.
-const RESHAPED_WEIGHT_COUNT = 2868;
+// The boot mode (ConsoleApp `modeId` initial state) is paf_synth.
+const BOOT = PafSynthSchema.ml;
+const BOOT_INPUT = BOOT.input_size; // 4
+const BOOT_OUTPUT = BOOT.output_size; // 33
+const BOOT_WEIGHTS = weightCountFromMl(BOOT); // 4→[10,10,14]→33 = 809
+
+// A reshape target arity guaranteed to differ from the boot arity.
+const OTHER_INPUT = BOOT_INPUT + 6; // 10
+// Reshaping only the input arity shifts the first layer: (Δin)*hidden0.
+const OTHER_WEIGHTS = BOOT_WEIGHTS + (OTHER_INPUT - BOOT_INPUT) * BOOT.hidden_layers[0]!;
 
 test.beforeEach(async ({ page }) => {
   await loadProbe(page);
 });
 
 test.describe('reshape — runtime-shaped MLP', () => {
-  test('boots at the default 32 / 126 shape', async ({ page }) => {
+  test('boots at the boot mode schema shape', async ({ page }) => {
     const arch = await page.evaluate(() => window.__nisps!.describe());
-    expect(arch.inputSize).toBe(32);
-    expect(arch.outputSize).toBe(126);
+    expect(arch.inputSize).toBe(BOOT_INPUT);
+    expect(arch.outputSize).toBe(BOOT_OUTPUT);
+    expect(arch.hidden).toEqual([...BOOT.hidden_layers]);
 
     const len = await page.evaluate(() => window.__nisps!.getWeights().length);
-    expect(len).toBe(DEFAULT_WEIGHT_COUNT);
+    expect(len).toBe(BOOT_WEIGHTS);
   });
 
-  test('reshape to 4 inputs succeeds and describe reports 4 / 126', async ({ page }) => {
-    const result = await page.evaluate(() => window.__nisps!.reshape(4));
+  test('reshape to a new arity succeeds and describe reports it', async ({ page }) => {
+    const result = await page.evaluate((n) => window.__nisps!.reshape(n), OTHER_INPUT);
     expect(result).not.toBeNull();
-    expect(result!.inputSize).toBe(4);
-    expect(result!.outputSize).toBe(126);
+    expect(result!.inputSize).toBe(OTHER_INPUT);
+    expect(result!.outputSize).toBe(BOOT_OUTPUT);
 
     const arch = await page.evaluate(() => window.__nisps!.describe());
-    expect(arch.inputSize).toBe(4);
-    expect(arch.outputSize).toBe(126);
+    expect(arch.inputSize).toBe(OTHER_INPUT);
+    expect(arch.outputSize).toBe(BOOT_OUTPUT);
   });
 
   test('getWeights length changes with the new arity', async ({ page }) => {
     const before = await page.evaluate(() => window.__nisps!.getWeights().length);
-    expect(before).toBe(DEFAULT_WEIGHT_COUNT);
+    expect(before).toBe(BOOT_WEIGHTS);
 
-    await page.evaluate(() => window.__nisps!.reshape(4));
+    await page.evaluate((n) => window.__nisps!.reshape(n), OTHER_INPUT);
 
     const after = await page.evaluate(() => window.__nisps!.getWeights().length);
-    expect(after).toBe(RESHAPED_WEIGHT_COUNT);
+    expect(after).toBe(OTHER_WEIGHTS);
     expect(after).not.toBe(before);
   });
 
   test('outputs stay bounded after reshape', async ({ page }) => {
-    await page.evaluate(() => window.__nisps!.reshape(4));
+    await page.evaluate((n) => window.__nisps!.reshape(n), OTHER_INPUT);
     await page.evaluate(() => window.__nisps!.setInputs(0.3, 0.7));
     const outs = await getOutputs(page);
-    expect(outs.length).toBe(126);
+    expect(outs.length).toBe(BOOT_OUTPUT);
     expect(allWithin(outs, 0, 1)).toBe(true);
   });
 
   test('spine still propagates after reshape', async ({ page }) => {
-    await page.evaluate(() => window.__nisps!.reshape(4));
+    await page.evaluate((n) => window.__nisps!.reshape(n), OTHER_INPUT);
 
     const a = await settleInputs(page, 0.2, 0.8);
     const b = await settleInputs(page, 0.9, 0.1);
-    expect(a.length).toBe(126);
-    expect(b.length).toBe(126);
+    expect(a.length).toBe(BOOT_OUTPUT);
+    expect(b.length).toBe(BOOT_OUTPUT);
     expect(allWithin(a, 0, 1)).toBe(true);
     expect(allWithin(b, 0, 1)).toBe(true);
     // Distinct inputs must still move the mapping through the reshaped net.
diff --git a/manifold/tests/e2e/schema-modes.spec.ts b/manifold/tests/e2e/schema-modes.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ca7fdf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/manifold/tests/e2e/schema-modes.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+/**
+ * Schema-driven per-mode dims — the one-core-engine P5 gate.
+ *
+ * The generated mode schemas (`src/modes/generated/`) are the SOURCE OF TRUTH:
+ * `MF_MODES` derives its params from them (P5.2) and the engine reshapes to each
+ * mode's `ml` config on switch (P5.3). This spec imports the schemas DIRECTLY
+ * and, for a representative set of modes, drives a mode switch through the UI
+ * debug seam (`window.__mf`), then asserts against the schema — never hard-coded
+ * numbers — that:
+ *
+ *   - `describe()` reports the schema's exact input/hidden/output dims;
+ *   - `getWeights().length` equals the schema-implied weight count;
+ *   - post-ML outputs have length == output_size and stay bounded in [0,1];
+ *   - the rendered UI param count equals `schema.params.length`;
+ *   - training still works after a mode switch (per-mode dims flow through the
+ *     async training worker — one-core-engine P2.2/P2.3 buffer sizing).
+ */
+import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test';
+import type { Page } from '@playwright/test';
+import { loadProbe, getOutputs, allWithin, weightCountFromMl } from './helpers';
+import type { MfDebugHook } from '../../src/console/ConsoleApp';
+import type { ModeSchema } from '../../src/modes/generated/types';
+import {
+  PafSynthSchema,
+  ChannelStripSchema,
+  MemlceliumSchema,
+  XiasriSchema,
+} from '../../src/modes/generated';
+
+declare global {
+  interface Window {
+    __mf?: MfDebugHook;
+  }
+}
+
+// Representative modes: an xy synth (33 out), a joystick synth (24 out), a
+// sequencer (56 out), and a browser-viable NEW mode (xiasri, 24 out) that never
+// had a hand-written catalogue entry.
+const CASES: ReadonlyArray<ModeSchema> = [
+  PafSynthSchema,
+  ChannelStripSchema,
+  MemlceliumSchema,
+  XiasriSchema,
+];
+
+/**
+ * Switch the instrument mode via the debug seam and wait until the switch has
+ * fully landed: the modeId, the rendered param count, and the reshaped net dims
+ * must all reflect the target schema before we assert.
+ */
+async function switchToMode(page: Page, schema: ModeSchema): Promise<void> {
+  await page.evaluate((id) => window.__mf!.setMode(id), schema.mode_id);
+  await page.waitForFunction(
+    (s) =>
+      window.__mf?.getModeId() === s.id &&
+      window.__mf?.paramCount() === s.params &&
+      window.__nisps?.describe().outputSize === s.out &&
+      window.__nisps?.describe().inputSize === s.in,
+    { id: schema.mode_id, params: schema.params.length, out: schema.ml.output_size, in: schema.ml.input_size },
+    { timeout: 10_000 },
+  );
+}
+
+test.beforeEach(async ({ page }) => {
+  await loadProbe(page);
+});
+
+test.describe('schema-driven per-mode dims (P5 gate)', () => {
+  test('the debug seam exposes every catalogue mode id', async ({ page }) => {
+    const ids = await page.evaluate(() => window.__mf!.modeIds());
+    for (const schema of CASES) expect(ids).toContain(schema.mode_id);
+  });
+
+  for (const schema of CASES) {
+    test(`${schema.mode_id}: engine + UI match the schema`, async ({ page }) => {
+      await switchToMode(page, schema);
+
+      // describe() reports the schema's exact dims.
+      const arch = await page.evaluate(() => window.__nisps!.describe());
+      expect(arch.inputSize).toBe(schema.ml.input_size);
+      expect(arch.outputSize).toBe(schema.ml.output_size);
+      expect(arch.hidden).toEqual([...schema.ml.hidden_layers]);
+
+      // getWeights length equals the schema-implied weight count.
+      const weights = await page.evaluate(() => window.__nisps!.getWeights().length);
+      expect(weights).toBe(weightCountFromMl(schema.ml));
+
+      // Outputs have length == output_size and stay bounded.
+      await page.evaluate(() => window.__nisps!.setInputs(0.35, 0.65));
+      const outs = await getOutputs(page);
+      expect(outs).toHaveLength(schema.ml.output_size);
+      expect(allWithin(outs, 0, 1)).toBe(true);
+
+      // The rendered UI param count equals schema.params.length.
+      const paramCount = await page.evaluate(() => window.__mf!.paramCount());
+      expect(paramCount).toBe(schema.params.length);
+    });
+  }
+
+  test('training works after a mode switch (per-mode dims flow to the worker)', async ({ page }) => {
+    // Switch to a mode with distinct dims from the boot mode, then add a couple
+    // of contrasting examples at the mode's output arity and train. A finite,
+    // non-negative loss proves the async worker re-created its mirror net at the
+    // reshaped dims (buffer sizing did not assume a fixed 126).
+    await switchToMode(page, MemlceliumSchema);
+    const outSize = MemlceliumSchema.ml.output_size;
+    const loss = await page.evaluate(async (n) => {
+      const p = window.__nisps!;
+      p.addExample([0.1, 0.9], new Array(n).fill(0.1));
+      p.addExample([0.9, 0.1], new Array(n).fill(0.9));
+      return p.trainAsync();
+    }, outSize);
+    expect(typeof loss).toBe('number');
+    expect(Number.isFinite(loss)).toBe(true);
+    expect(loss).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(0);
+  });
+});